Dr. Xinxin Ma is a professor at the Faculty of Economics, Hosei University. She has a Ph. D in labor economics from Keio University. She was the co-editor of the Japanese Journal of Comparative Economics, Asian Studies, and the Journal of Chinese Economics. Her current research interests focus on the comparative study on the social security policy reform and its impact on labor market outcomes, and income inequality in China and Japan. Her recent works have been published in China Economic Review, Journal of Asian Economics, China & World Economy, Economic Systems, Journal of Family and Economic Issues and Journal of Happiness Studies. She is the author of Economic Transition and Labor Market Reform in China (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018), Female Employment and Gender Gap in China (Springer Nature, 2021), and Public Medical Insurance Reforms in China (Springer Nature, 2022), and the single editor of Employment, Retirement and Lifestyle in Aging East Asia (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021).